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KS3 Geography · Year 8 · ages 12–13

Year 8 Geography

Six half-term units, in the order we teach them: Africa as a continent, not a country; the Nile Basin; population and urbanisation; Russia, China and India; the Ganges Basin, compared with the Nile; and fieldwork on a river or coast. Below is what each unit asks pupils to produce, the places it uses and the skills it teaches, taken from our Year 8 Geography scheme of work.

The Year 8 resources

How the year is ordered

Six units. The two locating units come before the two region studies, because a region cannot stand for itself until the continent has stopped standing in for it.

Year 8, ages 12–13.

The year, unit by unit

  1. Africa: A Continent, Not a Country

    Unit 1a · Autumn 1 · 6 lessons · September – October

    How wrong is the picture of Africa you arrived with?

    Pupils produce
    A written answer to 'what is Africa like?' that refuses the question and explains why, using at least four named countries.
    Places
    Africa as a whole · Lagos and Nairobi · the Sahara · the Congo Basin · the Sahel.
    Core skills
    Reading a choropleth map; using a range rather than an average to describe a place; challenging a claim with located evidence.
  2. A Region in Africa: The Nile Basin

    Unit 1b · Autumn 2 · 6 lessons · November – December

    What does a river do to the people who live along it?

    Pupils produce
    An explanation of why Egypt's population lives where it does, built from the basin's physical geography.
    Places
    The Nile Basin · the Ethiopian Highlands · Khartoum · the Aswan High Dam · the Nile Delta.
    Core skills
    Reading a drainage basin map; using a population density map as evidence; explaining a human pattern from a physical cause.
  3. Population and Urbanisation: Where Everyone Is Going

    Unit 2a · Spring 1 · 6 lessons · January – February

    More than half the world now lives in cities. What changed, and what does it cost?

    Pupils produce
    Two population pyramids compared, with the difference explained rather than described.
    Places
    One rapidly urbanising city · one ageing high-income country · the student's own settlement.
    Core skills
    Reading a population pyramid; using a choropleth for density; distinguishing a cause from a consequence.
  4. Asia: Russia, China and India

    Unit 2b · Spring 2 · 6 lessons · February – March

    What does it take to govern a country that spans eleven time zones, or to feed one and a half billion people?

    Pupils produce
    A map of Asia annotated with the physical features that explain where its people are — and are not.
    Places
    Russia · China · India · the Himalaya · the Gobi · the Siberian interior.
    Core skills
    Reasoning about scale; reading a population distribution map against a relief map.
  5. A Region in Asia: The Ganges Basin, and What It Shares with the Nile

    Unit 3a · Summer 1 · 6 lessons · April – May

    Two great rivers, two enormous populations. Why is one basin short of water and the other drowning in it?

    Pupils produce
    A comparison of the Nile and Ganges basins that states similarities, differences and links, each supported by located evidence.
    Places
    The Ganges Basin · the Himalaya · the Ganges plain · the Ganges–Brahmaputra delta.
    Core skills
    Structured comparison — same categories, both places; using a shared framework to make a difference meaningful.
  6. Fieldwork Two: Rivers, Coasts and Measuring the Real Thing

    Unit 3b · Summer 2 · 6 lessons · June – July

    Does the river actually do what the textbook diagram says it does?

    Pupils produce
    A conclusion stating whether the class's own measurements support the downstream model, with the figures.
    Places
    One accessible river reach or coastal stretch — physical, rural, and away from school.
    Core skills
    Systematic measurement at sites; calculating a mean; plotting a downstream trend; testing a model against data.

How it meets the key stage 3 programme of study

The scheme maps each requirement of the statutory programme of study for key stage 3 (Department for Education, 2013) to the unit that teaches it. Pupils should be taught to…

Locational knowledge: extend their locational knowledge and deepen their spatial awareness of the world's countries, using maps of the world to focus on Africa, Russia, Asia (including China and India), and the Middle East, focusing on their environmental regions, including polar and hot deserts, key physical and human characteristics, countries and major cities
1a Africa, its countries, cities and environmental regions · 2b Russia, China, India and the physical barriers between them.
Place knowledge: understand geographical similarities, differences and links between places through the study of the human and physical geography of a region in Africa and a region in Asia
1b the Nile Basin and 3a the Ganges Basin — chosen to share a structure so that similarities, differences and links can actually be argued.
Human and physical geography: understand, through the use of detailed place-based exemplars at a variety of scales, the key processes in: physical geography relating to: geological timescales and plate tectonics; rocks, weathering and soils; weather and climate, including the change in climate from the Ice Age to the present; and glaciation, hydrology and coasts
3b hydrology and coasts, taught as a model and then measured.
Human and physical geography: understand, through the use of detailed place-based exemplars at a variety of scales, the key processes in: human geography relating to: population and urbanisation; international development; economic activity in the primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary sectors; and the use of natural resources
2a population and urbanisation · 1b and 3a both carry natural resources and international development in their basin disputes.
Human and physical geography: understand how human and physical processes interact to influence and change landscapes, environments and the climate; and how human activity relies on the effective functioning of natural systems
3b in the catchment, where dams, barrages and defences meet the river's own behaviour. Argued in full in Year 9 3a.
Geographical skills and fieldwork: build on their knowledge of globes, maps and atlases, and apply and develop this knowledge routinely in the classroom and in the field
Throughout. Every unit opens with an atlas.
Geographical skills and fieldwork: interpret Ordnance Survey maps in the classroom and the field, including using grid references and scale, topographical and other thematic mapping, and aerial and satellite photographs
3b — sites chosen off the 1:25 000 sheet using the Year 7 ladder.
Geographical skills and fieldwork: use Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to view, analyse and interpret places and data
2a thematic layers for population density; 3b for locating the fieldwork sites.
Geographical skills and fieldwork: use fieldwork in contrasting locations to collect, analyse and draw conclusions from geographical data
3b — a river reach or coast: physical, rural and away from school, the second of the three contrasting locations.

This year deliberately does not cover glaciation, or the change in climate from the Ice Age to the present. Both are named in the statutory physical list and both are held to Year 9 unit 1a, where they carry the climate work rather than sitting as a topic on their own. The polar and hot desert environmental regions are located this year but studied properly in Year 9 2b. The key stage map at the back shows every statement against the year that teaches it.

The Year 8 Geography resources

Two PDFs sit behind this page, and they are meant to be used together: the scheme of work to plan the year, the knowledge organisers to put in front of pupils.

Cover of Year 8 Geography Knowledge Organisers

KS3 Geography · Year 8 · six A4 sheets£3.99

Year 8 Geography Knowledge Organisers

Full description on the Year 8 Geography knowledge organisers page.

Written to Empower Educators Year 8 Geography scheme of work·6 pages, 6 sections·For geography teachers and heads of department. Printed one per pupil

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Where to go from here

Questions

  1. What does Year 8 Geography cover?

    Six half-term units, in the order they are taught: Africa: A Continent, Not a Country, A Region in Africa: The Nile Basin, Population and Urbanisation: Where Everyone Is Going, Asia: Russia, China and India, A Region in Asia: The Ganges Basin, and What It Shares with the Nile and Fieldwork Two: Rivers, Coasts and Measuring the Real Thing.

  2. What do pupils produce in Year 8 Geography?

    A written answer to 'what is Africa like?' that refuses the question and explains why, using at least four named countries; An explanation of why Egypt's population lives where it does, built from the basin's physical geography; Two population pyramids compared, with the difference explained rather than described; A map of Asia annotated with the physical features that explain where its people are — and are not; A comparison of the Nile and Ganges basins that states similarities, differences and links, each supported by located evidence; A conclusion stating whether the class's own measurements support the downstream model, with the figures.

  3. Does Year 8 Geography meet the National Curriculum?

    It maps each requirement of the statutory programme of study for key stage 3 (Department for Education, 2013) to the unit that teaches it, and on this year the scheme is plain: “This year deliberately does not cover glaciation, or the change in climate from the Ice Age to the present.”

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