All topic explainers
—·Biology · GCSE
Materials Cycle. Energy Does Not.
Why carbon goes round for ever while energy passes through once — and what that forces every food chain to look like. Organism to ecosystem, abiotic and biotic factors; the carbon and water cycles and what stops decay; biomass falling at every trophic level, with a worked efficiency calculation; coral reefs, permafrost and irrigated farmland under pressure. Twelve terms to define, a model answer on why food chains are short, and the misconceptions that cost marks.
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